Coking retort oven



June 17, 1930.

J. BECKER COKING RETORT OVEN Filed Nov. 17 9 t 6 Sheets-Sheet 'F/NQER mes June 17, 1930. BECKER 1,764,497

COKING RETQORT OVEN Filed Nov. 17, 92 6 Sheets-Sheet PMS/1E1? 67 E.

cams 6/05.

' INVENIQEL- 7 Ju ie 17, 1930. J. BECKER comm RETORT ovrm s Sheets-sheaf; 5

Filed Nov. 17. 1920 3019' asws-nd June 17, 1930. J. BECKER COKIHG RETQRT' OVEN Filed Nov. 17, 1920 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 30/9 Hill/90d vPatented June 1?, 193.0

UNITED; STATES PATENT OFFICE JOSEPH BECKER, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE KOPPERS GOMIPAN Y, 01? PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PEN NSYLVANIA,

' coxme ransom ovmrj Application filed November 17, 1920. Serial No. 424,619.

aimed by the 1in esEE, E n and EG of e This invention comprehends I improvements of general utility in the coking retort oven art, and of especial utility in coking retort ovens of the well-known Koppers crossregenerative type exemplified in the patent to H. KoppersNo. 818,033, dated April17, 1906.

The invention has for an object the provision of a coking retort oven having, as an important characteristic, flexibility in operation 19 exemplified in the ready adaptability-of the oven for operation either with producer gas for fuel, or with coke oven gas; and

the invention provides novel mechanism for controlling the air supply in such manner that 15 the volume of infiowing air to all partsof the battery may be quickly and readily regulated and controlled, in the present instance, from a single point of inflow, to compensate for fluctuations in the fuel gas supply and to insure a properair supply regardless of fuel gas fluctuations. The feature of positive air control, provided by the invention, is of especial utility for insuring the continuous ma1ntenance 'ofan air supply of proper volume, when, employing producer gas as the oven fuel and particularly when the producer gas is conveyed directly from a producer to the gas main of the oven, in which case the supply of gas necessarily varies with therateof production of the producer.

and manner in which the'invention may be embodied and practiced, but without limiting the claimed invention to such lllustrative 1nstance or instances:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary front elevational view of a coking plant embodying'the features above specified and equipped with the improvements of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a vertical section taken in planesindicated by the line A--A of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a composite 'vertical section taken in several different vertical planes in- In addition to the general objects recite d plant with producer gas and with the several valves set for burning on the pusher side of the oven;

F igure 6 Is another horizontal sectlon similar to Figure 5 and also illustratin the operation of the coking plant with pro ucer gas, but showing the several valves in position for burning on the coke side;

'Figure'7 is another horizontal section Similar to Figure 5 but illustrating coke oven gas operation and with the several valves set for burning on the pusher side; and

Figure 8 is another horizontalsection similar to Figure 5 illustrating coke oven gas operation and showing the several valves set for burn ng on the coke side.

The same characters of reference indicate the same parts in each of the several views of the drawings.

- In its present'embodim ent, the invention I is incorporated ina coking plant, such as is illustrated in the accompanying drawings andhaving features of the well-known Koppers cross-regenerator type, exemplified in the patent to H. Koppers hereinabove mentioned and in my prior patent for a-coking retort oven, No. 1,416,322, granted May 16, 1922, which coking retort oven or plantin- .cludes in its construction crosswise extending parallel heating walls constituted offseries of vertical flame or combustion fines,-

elongated coking chambers or ovens intermediate the heating walls and parallel therewith, and crosswise extending .regenerators located at a lower level than the coking chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith. For convenience, the present description will be confined to this use of the invention; features of construction and operation are, however, capable of other valuable appli-' cations; consequently, the scope of the inven- I tion is by no. means confined to the specific use and specific embodiment herein described as an illustrative example.

Referring to the drawings, there are illus-" trated views of a coke oven battery or plant of the by-product type, such as has been hereinbefore mentioned, which plant embodies in its construction a plurality of crosswise elongated heating walls 11, 11 and a plurality of intermediate crosswise elongated vertical coking chambers or ovens 12, 12. The heating walls '11- form the side walls of the respective coking chambers 12, as shown more particularly in Figures 3 and 4, and in the present instance are supported by the heavy supporting or pillar walls 13, 13, extending crosswise of the battery and located, as shown in Figure 3, beneath the respective heating walls 11. These pillar walls collectively form the main support for the entire superstructure of the coke oven battery and are themselves 'firmly'supported upon a flat mat or platform 14 which constitutes the subfoundation on which the entire battery rests. 1

The coal to be coked is charged into the several cokingchambers or ovens 12 through charging holes 15 located in the top 161 of the oven battery and positioned directly above-the ovens or chambers 12, ,as shown 1n Flgure 3. These charging holes 15 are equipped with'the usual removable covers,

which are removed during charging of the several ovens and placed in position to close the tops of the ovens during the entire coking operation.

Heat for coking the charges of coal in the several ovensor chambers 12 is derived from the heating walls 11, which, as before mentioned, extend crosswise of the battery at the sides of the coking chambers. Referring now more particularly to Figures 2 and {1: Each heating wall is constituted of a plurality of vertical flame or combustion flues 17 and, in

the present embodin ent of the invention, the several combustion flues 17 of each heating wall are operatively disposed into two groups, respectively designated by the reference characters F and G, each group comprising about one-half of the total number of flues of the heating wall. The several flues of the group F of. each heating Wall are disposed on the pusher side of the battery, whereas the sev- "eral flues of the group G of the same heating wall are disposed on the coke side of the battery. When one of said groups of combustion or flame flues is operating for inflow, that is to say, burning upwardly, the other of said groups of combustion flues is operating for downflow to permit the waste gases from the above mentioned upburning flues to pass to the regenerator beneath.

The crosswise regenerators 18 of the retort oven or battery are located at a lower level than the aforesaid heating walls 11 and coking chambers 12 and in the present inter with be designated generally by the reference stance extend in parallelism beneath the coking chambers .12 ani'Fhetween the pillar walls 13. Below the middlelengthwise line- L of the heating walls 11, there is a partition 19, as shown in Figure 2, and in Figures 5' to 8 inclusive, which extends all the way up from the mat of the battery to the bottom of the overlying coking chamber and fromvone to the other of the pillar walls 13, such partition corresponding in position with the line between the hereinbefore mentioned two groups of combustion flues. 'With this construction,

character G.

Each regenerator 18 is a-chamber containing open brickwork commonly called checkerwork and indicated at 20, wlth a dlstrlbuting sole channel 21 underneath the checkerwork of each regenerator, the channels 21 forming the soles of such chambers and open ing up into the checkerwork of their respec-. tive regenerators. These regenerators 1n alternation are heated by the hot combustion products that are exhausted from the flame or combustion flues hereinbefore mentioned and then impart such heat tothe medium that 1 they feed into these flame flues, the preheated medium so fed into the flame flues varying in accordance with the character of oven operation, as will hereinafter appear.

In accordance with the present embodiment I of the invention, and as shown more particularly in Figure 5, the sole channels 21 of alternate pairs H of regenerators F, G both extend from the pusher side of the battery to their respective regenerators, and the, inflow to and the outflow from the regenerators of such alternate pairs, ,whether said regenerators are located on the coke or on the pusher side of the beforementioned partition wall 19, is all controlled from the said pusher side of the battery. On the other hand, the sole channels 21 of the several pairs K of regenerators F, G, that are located intermediate the beforementioned alternate pairs of regenerators, respectively extend to the opposite sides of the battery and the inflow into each of the regenerators of the pairs K is con-- trolled from 'the coke side of the battery.

whereas the outflow from each of said regenerators is controlled from the pusher side of the battery.

' eration employed in the patent to Koppers 1 time all of the regenerators on the pusher r side of the partition 19 become outflowopabove mentioned. Forexample, all of the regenerators F on the pusher side of the parti tion 19 operate concurrently as inflow regenerators, .while all of the regenerators on the opposite side of the partition 19 are operating concurrently as outflow regenerators, and this is true notwithstanding the medium introduced into the several regenerators. On reversal of the flow through the battery, by means of reversing devices hereinafter-described, all of the regenerators on the coke side of the aforesaid partition 19 become inflow operating regenerators, while at the same eratin g regenerators.

Each flue of the series of flues of the several heating walls has at its top a port or opening 22 fordraftund the passage of combustion products or waste gas from the flames within the flues. The several ports 22 of each series of flues 17 communicate with a horizontal or bus flue 23 located in each heating wall and connecting all the flues of a single heating wall together. In the operation of the oven battery, the several flues of the groups F on the pusher side thereof operate as upburning flues, while concurrently the several flues of the groups G on the coke side thereof operate as downdraft or exhaust tion as regards the beforementioned fiue- I groups F. The horizontal channels or bus flues 23 above mentioned serve to direct the exhaust gases issuing from the ports 22 of the upburning flues into the similar ports 22 of the'downdraft flues .on the opposite side of the longitudinal dividing line L. .The

draft through'theports 22 maybe regulated by means of the usual movable dampers or sliding bricks 24 (see Figure 3) positioned in the ordinary way in the bottoms of the horizontal flues 23 and adapted to be reached by access flues 25, which extend from the top of the channel 23 in each heating wall to the top 16 of the battery, there being an access flue positioned over each flame or combustion flue of each heating wall. I Y

Extending crosswise-of the battery in each pillar wall 13 and located beneaththe heating wall 11 thereabove is apaircf gas sup-' ply channels 26 and 27 the channel 26 being located above the channel 27, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. These channels 26 and 27 are for the purpose of supplying coke oven gas, when employedas the fuel, to the several flues ofthe groups F and G on the pusher and coke sides of the battery, and with this end in view, the upper channel 26 communicates. with the individual flues-17 of thegroup F by means of ducts 28that lead from such channel 26 individually into the bottoms of individual flues of said groups F; and the lower channel 27 which supplies the several flues 17 of the groups G communicates therewith by means of similar connecting ducts 29. Within the several ducts 28 and 29 are disposed the usual gasnozzles 30.

The supply of coke oven gastothe channels 26 and 27 of the respective heating walls 11 is derived from a coke oven gas main 31 located, in the present instance, on the pusher. side of'the battery, as shown in Figure 2, and

ries of supply connections,1designated gen-' erally by the reference character 32 and consupply connections 32 is not thought to be necessary in the present specification and it will be suflicient to state that said-supplyconnections 32 embody mechanism which 0 er ates, at each periodic reversal of the attery, to admit a supply of coke oven gas either to all of the channels 26 or? to all ofthe channels 27 and to turn off the gas from the others. For example, while the channels 26 are receiving a supply of gas from the main 31,'the channels 27 are shut 01f from such extending longitudinally therealong. A semain, and vice versa, in accordance with reversal in direction of flow through the flues 17, as hereinbefore explained.

In the present instance, each regenerator 18 communicates with the corresponding groups of flues 17 ofthe two heating wallsadj 'acent to and respectively locatedon opposite sides of the regenerator, by means of ducts 33, each duct leading upwardly from a regenerator into a flue, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. Thus, each regenerator of the group F is connected with all of the flues of the two adjacently disposed groups F; and similarly with gaseous medium from two separate regenerators. The advantage of this arrangement will be clear in the hereinafter described operation of the battery.

Referring now more particularly to Figures 5 to 8 inclusive; there is provided along the coke side of the battery. a pair of air mains 34 and 35. The air main 34 is provided with an inlet valve 36 and similarly the air main is provided with an inlet valve 37. Each of said air mains 34 and'35- operates independently of the other and serves as the sole source of air supply to all of the regenerators with which each air main is connected. The result of this arrangement is that the entire volume of air which passes through inflow operating regenerators is derived from a single source of air supply, i. e., the main 34 or 35. Consequently, the air supply to allof the inflow operating regenerators may be controlled simultaneously as, for example, by simple adjustment of the size of the inlets of the mains 34 and 35. i

- The sole channels 21 of the regenerators F of the above mentioned intermediate group K are each extended by means of conduits 38 through the regenerators G of the same group and the coke side ends of said conduits 38 are each-connected with the air main 34 by air ducts 39, which ducts are respectively provided with dampers 40. The several regenerators G of said intermediate group K are connected with the other air I main 35.byducts 41, also respectively provided with dampers 42. The dampers 40 and r 42 may be adjusted to equalize the volumes of air flowinginto the several regenerators which they control, and to obtain substantial equality in distribution in flow into the flame flues that are communicably connected with suchv regenerators. The operation of the above described air connections will be hereinafter set forth in detail.

Extending along the pusher side of the'bat-. tery is a main 43 connected with a producer gas conduit 44, which is adapted to convey into said main 43 producer gas derived di-v rectly from a producer. A valve indicated at 45 in the producer gas main 44 controls the supply of producer gas to the main 43. The

- producer may be of any approved construe-- tion designedto supply producer gas at low pressure to the main 44 and, when the battery is operating with producer gas for fuel, also -to the main 43. A waste gas tunnel 46 alsoextends along the pusher sideof the battery,

. said waste gas tunnel being adapted to receive the 'waste gases or products of combustion from the several out-flow operating regenerators. Suitable valve connections are provided for leading, atwill, a portion of the waste gases from the tunnel 46 into the main 43,

when the battery is operating with coke oven gas as fuel, an operation which will be herein--. after set forth.

6 The sole channels 21- of the several regenerators F of the beforementioned alternate group H are each'connected, at their pusher ends, with flow pipes 47. These flow pipes 47 are each provided with valve connections 48 to the main .43 and also with valve connections 49 to the wastegas tunnel 46.. Provision, such as the reversing cable construction set forth in my prior Patent No. 1,416,322,

53 to the waste gas tunnel 46.- Similar controlling connections are provided for opening or closing in unison the series of valves 52 and for opening orclosing in unison the series of valves 53 Connected to the pusher ends of the sole channels 21 of the several pusher side regenerators F of the above-mentioned intermediate group K are flow pipes 54, respectively connected with the waste gas tunnel 46 only, by means of valve connections 55, provided with reversing connections for opening or closing in unison all of .the valves of the entire series 55. The sole channels 21 of the coke side regenerators G of the group K are each connected with conduits 56 which pass through the pusher side regenerators F. of

the same group K; the pusher ends of the be-' for outflow on the coke side, and Figure 6 showing the parts positioned after a reversal, i. e., when burning onthe coke side of the battery, with outflow on the pusher side. When burningon the pusher side of the battery, the several regenerators F" operate for inflow, whereas the several regenerators G operate for outflow. Concurrently, the several flues of the groups F are burning upwardly, while downfiow is maintained in the several flues of the groups G to convey the waste products to the outflow operating regenerators G.

Referring to said Figure 5: The several valves'of the series48 are open and the several valves of the series 49 are shut; the several valves of the series 52 are shut and the several valves of the series 53 are open; the

several valves of the'series 55 are shut and the several valves of the series 58 are open; the air valve 36 controllingthe admission of atmospheric air'to theairmain 34 is open, whereas the'air valve 37 of the other air main is closed. Producer gas is permitted to flow into the main 43 by opening the valve 45. lVith the parts so arranged, the. producer gas flows into the several pusher side regenerators F of the group H, while air from the air main 34 flows into the several regenerators F of the intermediate group K,

the regeneratorsof the group H alternating with thoseof the group K, as hereinbefore mentioned. As each regenerator F of bothgroups H and K is connected with the groups of flame flues'of two adjacently disposed heating walls, atmospheric air and producer'gas flow into all theflame flues of the pusher side groups F and igniting burn upwardly in said flues. The waste gases fromtheupburningside of the battery, pass downwardly through flues of the groups F passinto the horizontal or bus flues 23 and, flowing over to the coke the several flues 17 of the groups G and thence into 'the 'regenerators G of both groups H and K. All of the regenerators G of both 1' groups H and K operate" as outflow regenerators, and waste gases from said regenerators G pass through the conduits and 56 to the flow pipes 51 and 57 and thence through the open valve connections 5 3 and58 to the waste are shu't;the air valve 36 of the air main 34 is shut and the air valve 37 of-the air main 35 is open. Producer gas now passes through the flow pipes 51 to the conduits 50 of the several coke side regenerators G" of the group H, and air from the air main 35 passes through the several air ducts 41 to the coke side regenerators G. of the group K. The several flame flues of the groups G now burn upwardly and the waste gases fromsaid flues pass over into and downwardly through the several flame flues of the groups F. From the flame flues ofthe groups F, the waste product passes into all the 'regenerators F of both groups H and K and thence flow through the flow pipes 47 and 54 to the open valve connections 49 and 55, through which the waste gases pass to the waste gas tunnel 46.

Inasmuch as a single air valve 36 controls the entire flow of air to allof the air regenerators on the pusher side of the battery and a single air valve 37 similarly controls the entire flow of air to all of the air regenerators on the coke sideof the battery, the air supply may be readily regulated, with relation tothe producer gas vsupply, by varyingthe size of,

the air inlets at the valves 36 and 37. When burning producer gas derived directly from .a producer, the supply of gas. varies with the rate of production of the producer, and consequently'the volumeof gas introduced into the flues is -subject to considerable variation. I

As it is diflicult-to regulate closely the gas outflow of the producer, the present invention, by the provision of a simple and efiective means for regulating the entire volume of air supply, permits the air to be maintained at all times in proper proportion with respect to the gas supply, so that combustion is attained. he proportions of gas and air which enter the upburning flues can readily be ascertained by determination of the carbon dioxide or content of the waste gases. Such regulation of the air supply may be readily effected by using finger bars 59 in the respective air inlets of the air mains 34 and 35. The number of finger bars positioned in the air inlets of'these mains may be increased when it is desired to decrease the air supply; on they other hand the finger bars maybe removed individually, in the required number, to 'efiect the. required increase of the air supply.

The operation of the battery, when employ ing coke oven gas, is illustrated in Figures? .100

and 8, Figure 7 showing the parts positioned for burning on the pusher side of the battery ractically perfect and for outflow on the coke side, Figure 8 showing the parts positioned'after reversal, 1. e., when burning on the coke side of the bat tery and' with outflow on the pusher side. The

preferred embodiment of the invention con 1 templates burning the coke oven gas in an atmosphere containing both air and a neutral gaseous diluent which isint'roduced into the combustion; flues separately from the air. The advantage of the admission into each of the upburning'flues of a supply of neutral gaseous diluent, such as waste gas, lies in the fact that the waste gas is effective to lengthen greatly the flames within such flues and to prevent the localization of the hottest flame temperature in the extreme lower portions of the flues. 'Duringoperation of thebattery with coke oven gas, a supply of coke oven gas is permitted to pass into the coke oven gas main 31. The main 43 is shut off entirely from the supply of producer gas by closingthe valve 45 and a supply of Waste gas is, permitted to flow into said main from the waste gas tunnel .46.

Referring now to Figure 7 which illustrates the relations of the parts when burning on the pusher side of the battery: The sev eral valves of the series 48 are open and the several valves of the series 49. are shut; the

flows upwardly through the coke oven gasseveral valves of the series 52 are shut and the several valves of the series 53 are open;

the several valves of the series 55 are shut and the several valves of the series 57- are open; the air valve 36 is open and the air valve 37.is shut. are operated to permit the coke oven gas to pass from the coke oven gas main 31 into the channels 26 which feed the flues of the groups F on the pusher side andto shut 0H tioned. As each regenerator F of both groups H and K is connected with the groups of flame flues F of two adjacently disposed heating walls, atmospheric air and waste gas flow into all the flame flues of the groups F and form the atmospheres in said flues for supporting the combustion of the coke oven gas which is derived from-the nozzles 30 and ducts 28. The waste gases from the upburn ing fluesof the groups F pass into the horizontal or bus flues 23 and, flowing over to the coke, side of the battery, pass downwardly through the several flues 17 of the groups Gr and thence into the regenerators G of both groups H and K. All of the regeneratorsG of both groups-H and K -operate as outflow regenerators, and the waste gases from said -regenerators G pass through the conduits and to the flow pipe 51 and 57 and thencethroughthe open valve "connections 53 and 58 to the waste gas tunnel 46. a

' On reversal of the battery, the several valve connections'assume the relations indicated in Figure 8. Referring to said Figure 8: The

several valves of the series 48 are shut and the severalvalves of the series 49 are open; the several valves of the series'52 are open and-the several valves of the series 53 are shut; the several valves of the series 55 are open and the several valves of the series 58 are shut; the air valve 36 is shut and the air valve 37 is open. The supply connections 32 are operated to permit the coke oven as to flow from the main 31 into the severa coke oven gas channels 27 which through-the ducts 29 feed the flues 17 of the groupsG on the cokeside of the battery. Waste gas now passes through theflow pi es 51 of the several coke side regenerators of the group H and air from the main 35 passes into and through the several coke side re enerators of the group K, the air mingles 1n the flues of the groups G with the waste gas supplied by the coke side regenerators G'of the group H. The several flame flues of the groups G now The valve connections 32 burn upwardly and the waste gases from said flues pass over into and downwardl through the several flame flues of the groups From the flame flues of the groups F, the waste products pass into all 0 the regenerators F of both groups H and K and thence flow through the flow pipes 47 and 54 to the open valve connections 49 and 55, through which the waste gases pass to thewaste gas tunnel 46.

The invention as hereinbefore set forth is embodied in a particular form of construction, but may be variously embodied within the scope of the claims hereinafter made.

I claim: I

1. In a coke oven battery, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of vertical combustion flues; regenerators located at a lower level .than the coking chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith, said regenerators being grouped into airs crosswise of the battery, each pair of suc regenerators being communicably connected with combustion flues of .two adjacent heating walls; a coke oven gas supply combined with means for 'alternately feeding the coke oven gas to the flues on the opposite sides of the battery; a main located on one side of the battery and alternatively operable for feeding waste gas or producer gas; reversing valve connections between said main and alternate pairs of such v regenerators; a pair of air mains located on the other side of the batter flow connections between said air mains an the pairs of regenerators that are intermediate such alternate pairs of regenerators; flow regulating dampers individually controlling the individual flow in said flow connections; means individual to each of said air mains for controlling theientire-volume of flow therein; and reversing valve devices for permitting air to flow alternately into said an mains; substantially as specified.

2. In a coke oven battery, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of vertical combustion flues; regenerators located at a lower level than the 'cokin chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith, said regenerators being grouped into pairs'crosswise of the battery, each pair of such regenerators being communicably connected with combustion V flues of two adjacent heating walls a producer gasmain located on one side of the battery; re-

versing valve connections between said main and alternate pairs of such regenerators; a pair of air mains located on the other side of the battery; flow connections between said air mains and the pairs of regenerators that are intermediate such alternate pairs of regenerators; flow regulating dampers individually controlling the individual flow in said flow connections; means individual to each of said air mains for controlling the entire volume of flow therein; and reversing valve devices for permitting air to flow alternately air mains; substantially as specified. v

alternately ceding the coke oven gas to the flues on the oppos te sides of the battery; a main located on one side of the battery and alternatively operable for feeding waste gas or producer gas; reversing valve connections between said main and alternate pairs of such regenerators; a pair of air mains located on the other 'sideof the'battery; flow connections between saidair mains and the pairs of regenerators that are intermediate such alternate pairs of regenerators; means individual to each or said air mains for controlling the entire volume of flow therein; and reversing specified; r 4:. In a coke n3, plurality of coking chambers heating walls nately into said airmains; substantially as contiguous to such coking chambers, and,

respectively constituted of vertical combustion flues; regenerators located at a lower level than the coking chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith, said regenerators being grouped into pairs crosswise of the battery, each pair of such regenerators being communicably connectcd with combustion fiuesof two adjacent heating walls; a producer gas, main located on one side of the battery; 'reversing'valve connections between said main and alternate pairs of such regenerators; a pair of air mains located on the other side of the battery; flow connections between said air mains and the'pairs of regenerators that are intermediate such alternate pairs of regenerators; means individual to each of said air mains for controlling the'entire volume of flow therein; and reversing valve devices for permitting air to flow alternately into said .air mains; substantially as specified 5. In a coke oven battery, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respetcively constituted of vertical combustion flues; regenera'tors located at a lower level than the coking chambers and into said.

3. In a coke-oven battery, in combination a plurality of coking chambers; heating Walls valve devices for permitting air to flow' alteroven battery, in combination i to the flues on the opposite sides of the battery; a main located on one side of the battery and alternatively operable for feeding waste gas or producer gas; reversmg valve connections between said main and alternate rcgenerators; a pair of air mains located on the other side of the battery; flow connectlons between said an mains V and the regenerators that are intermediate "such alternate rcgenerators; -flow regulating dampers individually controlling the individual flow in said flow connections; means individual to each of said air mains for controlling the entire volume offlow therein and reversing valve devices for permitting; air to flow alternately into said air mains; substantially as specified. v

f 6. In a coke oven battery, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of vertical combustion flues; regenerators located at alower level than the coking chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith; a coke oven gas supply combined with means for alternately feedingthe coke oven gas t9 the flues on the opposite sides of the battery; a main located on one sideof the battery'and alternatively operable for feeding waste gas or producer gas; revers ng valve connections between said mam and alternate .regenerators; apair of air mains located 'on the other side of the battery; flow connections between said air mains and the regenerators that are intermediate such alternate regenerators; means individualto, each of said air mains for controlling the entire volume of How therein; and reversing valve devices for permitting air toflowlalternately into said air mains; substantial-y as specified.

7 In a coke oven battery, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls spectively constituted of vertical combustion flues; regenerators located at a lower level than the coking chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith; a producer gas contiguous to such coking chambers and remain located on one side of the battery; re-

vcrsing valve connections between said main and alternate regenerators; a "pair of air mains located on the other side of the battery; flow connections between said air mains and the regenerators that are intermediate such alternate regenerators; means individual to each of said air mains for controlling the entire volume of-flow therein; and reversing valve devices for permitting air to flow alternately into said air mains; substantially as specified. v I 8. In a coking retort oven, in comblnation:

.a plurality of coking chambers; heating at will with said heating walls; a main located on one side of the oven and alternatively operable for feeding waste gas or producer gas; reversing valve connections be- 5 tween said main and a plurality of such regenerators; a pair of air mains located on the other side of the oven; flow connections between said air mains and other regenerators; flow regulating dampers individually controlling the individual flow in said flow connections; means individual to each of saidair mains for controlling the entire volume of flow therein; and reversing valve devices for permitting air to flow alternately into said air mains; substantially as specified;

9. Ina coking retort oven, in combination: a plurality of coking. chambers; heating walls contiguous to-such cokin wise regenerators located at a lower level than'the coking chambers and the heating .walls; a coke oven gas supply connectible at will with said heating walls; a main located .on one side of the'oven and alternatively I operable for feeding waste gas or producer gas; reversing valve connections betweensaid main and a plurality of such regenerators; a pair of air mains located on the other side of the oven; flow connections between said air mains and other regenerators means individual to eachof said air mains for controlling the entire volume of flow therein and reversing valve devices for permittin air to flow alternately into said air mains; substantially as specified.

.10. In a coke oven battery, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of vertical combustion.

I flues; regenerators grouped into pairs crosswise of the battery, each pair of such regenerators being communicably connected with combustion fines of two adjacent heating walls; a coke oven gas supply combined with means-for alternately feeding the coke oven as to the fines on the opposite sides of the .att-ery; a main alternatively operable for feeding waste gas or producer gas; a pair of air mains; flow connections between said air mains and the pairs of regenerators that are *intermediate such alternate pairs of regenerators; flow regulating dampers individually controlling the individual flow in said How connections; means individual to each of said air mains for controlling the entire volume of flow therein; and reversing. valve devices for permitting air to flow alternately into said air mains; substantially as specified.

. 11. In a coke oven battery, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of vertical combustion flues; regenerators located at a lower level than the coking chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith, said regenerators being grouped into pairs crosswise of chambers; cross-' :the battery, each pair of such regenerators being communicably connected with combustion flues of two adjacent heating walls; a

erators; means individual to each of said air mains for controlling the entire volume of flow therein; and reversing valve devices for permitting air ,to flow alternately into said air mains; substantially as specified.

12. In a coke oven battery, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of vertical combustion fiues; regenerators located at a lower level than the coking chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith, said regenerators, being grouped into pairs crosswise of the battery, each pair of such regenerators being communicably connected with combustion fiues of two adjacentheating walls; a

producer gas main; reversing valve connections between said main and alternate pairs of such regenerators a pair of air mains flow connections between said air mains and the pairs of regenerators that are intermediate such alternate pairs of regenerators; means individual to each of said air mains for controlling the entire volume-offlow therein; and reversing valve devices for permitting air to flow alternatel into said air mains; substantially as speci ed.

13. In a coke oven battery, in combination:

a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of vertical combustion flues; regenerators located at a lower level "than the coking chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith, said regenerators being grouped into pairs crosswise of the battery; a producer gas main; reversing valve connections between said main and the pairs of such regenerators that are alternately disposed longitudinally of the battery; a pair of air mains; flow connections between said air mains and the pairs of regenerators that are intermediate such alternate pairs of regenerators; means individual to each of said air mains for controlling the entire volume of flow therein; and reversing valve de- Vices forpermitting air to flow alternatel into said air mains; substantially as specifie 14. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively comprising combustion flues; regenerators communicably connected with the combustion flues of said heating walls; a coke oven gas supplyeommunicably connected at will with the combustion flues of said heating walls; means operable alternatively for supplying producer gas or waste gas to some of separate regenerators for inflow operation;

i means for communicably connecting the combustlon flues w1th said, means so as to effect recirculation of waste gas from the combus tion fiues through said regenerators and back through the combustion fiues; a unitary means for supplying air to other regenerators; and means located at the air inlet of said air supply means for controlling the volume of air permitted to flow therein to all of the regenerators receiving air; substantially as specified.

15. In a coking retort oven, in combination a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively comprising combustion flues; crosswise regenerators communicably connected with the combustion fiues of said heating walls; a coke oven gas supply communicably at will with the combustion fiues of said heating walls; means operable alter-. natively for supplying producer gas or waste walls contiguous to such coking chambers;-

separate crosswise regenerators for gas and air, said gas and air regenerators being alternately disposed longitudinally of the battery and communicably connected with said heating walls; a producer gas main located on one side of the oven and communicably connected with the gas regenerators; air

supply means located on theopposite side of the oven communicably connected with the air regenerators; and means located at the inlet of'said air supply means for controlling the volume of air permitted to flow therein to all of the regenerators receiving air; substantially as specified.

' e 17. In a coking retort oven, in combination a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such cokingchambers; separate crosswise regenerators for gas and air,

- operable alternatelyfor inflow and for outflow, such gas and air regenerators being alternately disposed longitudinally of the battery and communicably connected with said heating walls; a producergas main located on one side of the oven and communicably connected'with the gas regenerators; air supply means located on the opposite side of the oven communicably connected with the air regenerators; and a unitary means for regulating the individual air flow toall of the air regenerators; substantially as specified.

18. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls' contiguous to such coking chambers; separate crosswise regenerators for gas and air, operable alternately for inflow and for outflow, said gas and air regenerators being alternatelydisposed longitudinally-of the battery and communicably connected with said heating walls; a producer gas main located on one side of the oven and communicably connected with the gas regenerators; an air main located on the opposlte side of the oven communicably connected with the air regenerators and a single means located in said air main for controlling the volume of flow therethrough to all of the regenerators receiving air; substantially as specified.

19. In a coking retort oven, in combina-' tion: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to 'such coking chambers; separate crosswise regenerators for gas and air, operable alternately as waste gas regenerators and communicably connected with said heating walls; a producer gas main located on one side. ofthe oven and communicably connected with the gas regenerators; an air main located on theopposite side of the oven for supplying air under natural draft to the several air regenerators; and means for varying the cross-sectional area of said airmain at a point therein, to regulate the volume of air permitted to flow to said air regenerators; substantially as specified.

20. In a coking retort oven, in combiria tion: a plurality'of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers;

cross-Wise regenerators communicably connected with said heating walls; a fuel gas supply located on one side of the oven; an air main located on the opposite side. of the oven communicably connected with some of the regenerators; a single'means for regulating the flow of air into said main during alter; nate periods of operation and for closin said main during the intermediate periods 0 reversal; a second air main located on the same side of the oven as the first above-menr tioned air main communicably connected with other of theregenerators; and-a single means for regulating the flow of air into said second air main during the periods of reversal and for closing saidmain during's'aid' alternate periods.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 12th day of November, 1920.

' JOSEPH BECKER. 

